PASS and LAS students: In this article, you’ll find a message from Dean Mondain regarding available spots in DFGSM2 (second year of medical school) for the upcoming academic year. You’ll also find an update on available spots in midwifery.
An Update on Places in Maieutics |
A Message from the Dean (School of Medicine) |
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The Association Sportive Médecine Montpellier (ASMM) is an organization founded about ten years ago with the goal of promoting physical activity among medical students in a friendly atmosphere. While this objective has remained unchanged over the years, the ASMM has evolved, notably by welcoming students in the PACES program (soon to be known as PASS-LAS) and midwifery students.Our association allows health students to reconnect with sports—often neglected during their studies—in a friendly and relaxed setting. These moments are especially important for PACES/PASS/LAS students, who face considerable pressure regarding their entrance exams. The entire team is therefore there to listen to them, providing moral support and a friendly outlet. This year’s goal is to open membership to other health-related programs, particularly to physical therapy and dental students.
Throughout the year, we hold two sessions per week: one exclusively for PACES/PASS/LAS students and the other for medical and midwifery students. The content of our sessions varies based on the members’ preferences. Sessions often consist of exercises focused on endurance or strength training, as well as a more recreational component featuring team sports like Ultimate.
We also organize activities outside of class: canoeing, beach volleyball, trampoline, pétanque, laser tag, indoor soccer…
Joining our association gives students access to our sessions and sports events all year round. Membership costs €5 for PACES, LAS, PASS, and second- and third-year medical and midwifery students. Registration is free for students in higher years. You can sign up at any time throughout the year, either online via the Pumpkin app or in person at the start of a session or before an event: it’s easy—just download the app and create an account using the code ASMM.
A new executive board is elected internally each year. It consists mainly of third-year medical students, as well as one midwifery student. The current executive board consists of:
The current health crisis has led us to rethink our sessions, particularly by no longer offering team sports. We have also divided participants into groups of 10, then 6, to limit the spread of the virus and protect our members. Safety protocols (wearing masks, using hand sanitizer) are also strictly enforced during our sessions and events. We also prioritize outdoor activities, such as our running sessions. We also collaborate with partner sports facilities to offer small-group activities to our members, who can participate whenever they like (bowling, rock climbing, escape rooms, laser tag, etc.). We have also launched live Instagram yoga sessions, which help balance student well-being with the need to limit group activities.
Instagram: tim_asmm
Facebook: tim asmm
Website: ASMM Association
As of October 30, 2020, France is once again under a nationwide lockdown. This has impacted the Faculty’s operations, but unlike during the last lockdown, it will not be closing its doors. Please find the details regarding these new arrangements below.
Last updated: 11/5/20 – 9:38 a.m.
Unlike during the first lockdown, the university will not close its doors.
Services will continue to be available in person, and some service counters will be open by appointment (please contact the relevant department to schedule an appointment).
During remote work, services will continue to operate as usual, and all departments can be reached by email (see the directory below).
After a temporary closure to reorganize their operating procedures, the UM university libraries will reopen on Thursday, November 5, 2020, subject to certain conditions:
⚡ For reservations made by email, please indicate the purpose of your visit: borrowing/returning materials or working on-site. Please note: written confirmation of your appointment (sent by email) is required to enter the library. This will serve as proof of your visit, along with your student ID and the travel exemption certificate (available byclicking HERE).
⚠️ A limited number of spots for on-site individual study are reserved for fourth-year medical students preparing for their ECNi exams, as well as for PASS/PACES students ⚠️
Due to the lockdown, extended evening and weekend hours have been suspended. However, within the university libraries, all services remain available, provided that health measures and protective equipment are followed: access to materials, use of self-service computers, printing/copying/scanning, Wi-Fi, interlibrary loans, contactless borrowing and returns, etc. Librarians are available to answer questions online: boomerang.biu-montpellier.fr
⚡ More information about how study rooms will operate during the lockdown will be posted here soon.
Thesis defenses will be conducted differently: only the candidate will be permitted to defend their thesis in person, in the presence of the committee, in the traditional Salle des Actes of the Historic Building. A personalized exemption certificate allowing travel will be provided to the candidate.
📧 Further details will be provided at a later date via email to the residents concerned.
The semiology courses in Montpellier and Nîmes have been suspended until further notice.
The DFASM 1, 2, and 3 clinical rotations will continue as scheduled; the affected hospital-based students will continue their training in full within the hospital departments.
For all students who may come into contact with patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, it is important to note that strict adherence to preventive measures during their clinical rotations provides effective protection against the risk of infection.
The continuation of the health service is currently under discussion and review by the Regional Education Office. More information will be available soon.
⚡ More information about how internships and the health services will operate during the lockdown will be posted here soon.
In-person exams will proceed as scheduled. Students will be provided with a personalized exemption certificate allowing them to travel. Details regarding exam arrangements will be sent directly to the affected students via email 📧
The interregional ECN exams (DFASM3) will take place as scheduled on November 20, 2020; the exams will be administered remotely. The exam schedule and organizational details will be sent via email 📧
We'll keep you updated on any changes to this article on our social media channels: Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. Follow us!
Every year, the Pink October campaign helps raise awareness about breast cancer screening among as many people as possible. Our midwifery students and the student organizations in this field in Montpellier and Nîmes—AMESF and CNESF—are particularly committed to this cause.
Every year, AMESF participates in Pink October by organizing a number of initiatives. The goal? To raise awareness among students at the University of Montpellier about breast cancer screening. All of this, of course, while raising as much money as possible for the Ruban Rose association, which is dedicated to the fight against breast cancer.
The first step in prevention is self-examination! To raise awareness among students about proper screening practices, AMESF set up a booth at the School of Medicine (ADV) and the School of Sports Science (STAPS) on October 6, 7, and 8. Atthe STAPS department, the booth was organized in collaboration with PESAP, the student association for the Master’s program in Prevention, Health Education, and Physical Activity.
On the agenda: teaching students the proper techniques for self-examination using a demonstration model loaned by the University Department of Midwifery. Results: nearly 300 students were educated on the topic!
And for those who are a bit shy, or for those who couldn’t make it, AMESF has got you covered with detailed posts on their social media.
View this post on Instagram
AMESF’s efforts don’t stop there. In fact, the association actively supports Ruban Rose, the breast cancer awareness organization, by donating the funds raised during its annual event.
This year, the association organized a raffle in addition to its usual stand selling treats. Thanks to their dedication and the many raffle contributors, the association has already raised over 500 euros, all of which will be donated to the Ruban Rose association! A real success for our students, who have surpassed last year’s donation total.
Today, the organization has set a new goal: to raise over 650 euros in donations for Ruban Rose! To help them reach this goal, you can buy a raffle ticket for just 2 euros.
➡️You can purchase raffle tickets:
📌At the association’s office during office hours (1:30–2:00 p.m.)
📌Through the Pumpkin ticket office:
Tickets cost €2, and the drawing will take place on October 30.
Like its counterpart in Montpellier, the Nîmes Midwives Association is also getting involved in Pink October. Several initiatives are being organized to benefit the League Against Cancer.
Starting on October 1, the CNESF joined forces with the CCC (Corpo Carabins Crocodiles) to carry out the “Les Chauves d’Octobre Rose” campaign.
The goal is twofold: to collect financial donations for the League Against Cancer, as well as in-kind donations in the form of long strands of hair for the organization Fake Hair Don’t Care. The latter will use the strands to make wigs for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Excerpt from the Corpo Carabin Crocodiles’ stories about the “Shaved Heads” operation in collaboration with the CNESF
No fewer than 8 volunteers agreed to get their hair cut on campus, raising over 420 euros for the League!
In addition to this event, the CNESF posted several prevention-related messages on social media. To reach as many people as possible, informational posters were published, along with a questionnaire from the League on breast cancer screening. Feel free to test your knowledge—there are prizes to be won:
View this post on Instagram
Finally, the CNESF invites you to show your support for the Pink October campaign by purchasing a beautiful pin designed especially for the occasion.
For just €2, this item lets you show your support for the fight against breast cancer while doing a good deed: all proceeds go directly to the Ligue contre le Cancer!
We’ve already raised 60 euros! If you’d like to get a pin, don’t wait—there are only about ten left in stock at the CNESF office…
The year 2020 and its unique circumstances did nothing to dampen our students’ enthusiasm. Thanks to the joint efforts of student organizations in Nîmes and Montpellier, nearly 1,000 euros were raised for cancer charities.
In addition, several hundred people were made aware of how to prevent this disease thanks to the various posters and visuals created by the organizations.
We are especially proud of our students and would like to thank all the generous donors who contributed to the fundraisers organized by AMESF and CNESF.
Well done, everyone!
Due to the current health situation, the implementation of the Ministry of Higher Education’s directive requires that classroom capacity be reduced by 50% at the Montpellier campus. Read more in this article.
Update as of October 23, 2020: Like the Montpellier site, the Nîmes site has just been placed under a heightened alert.
The measures are therefore being extended to the Nîmes site. See the relevant paragraphs below.
Lectures are held in person, with the number of students in attendance limited and the maximum capacity of 50% of seats occupied strictly enforced.
PASS / PACES
PASS: Lectures will be held in person, with attendance limited to 50% of the room’s capacity, with every other seat left empty. The lectures will be available on Moodle later today.
PACES: Lectures are already available online.
PASS: Two lecture halls are available at the ADV campus and one at the Flahault campus; students who cannot find seats will have access to the lectures on Moodle. Access to the lecture hall will be restricted once all seats are taken.
PACES: Lectures are already available online.
Undergraduate program
A survey will be conducted the day before class to determine whether you will attend in person. Other students will be able to follow the class via Zoom or Moodle after it has been recorded, if possible.
Lectures are held in person, with a maximum of 50% of the room’s capacity and with every other seat left empty.
Students who are unable to secure a spot will have access to the courses on Moodle.
Graduate level
Lectures will be held in person with limits on the number of students present (100 per lecture hall or 25 per classroom for the ADV Health Campus, and 50% capacity for UPM classrooms and lecture halls). We are therefore offering a hybrid attendance model. You will receive specific information regarding your course unit (UE) or module (MI) from the program administrators or university offices. Students who are unable to attend classes in person will have access to recordings made available as soon as possible for DFASM1 and DFASM2 cohorts. For UE1 and UE10 of DFASM3, a Zoom link will be sent to you.
For students currently enrolled in the MIC program, there are no changes to the schedule.
Lectures are held in person, with a maximum of 50% of the room’s capacity, with every other seat left empty.
Students who are unable to secure a spot will have access to the courses on Moodle.
For the "best-of" events, large-capacity venues or auditoriums will be used to accommodate in-person attendance with attendance tracking.
Maieutics
When it is not possible to accommodate the entire class due to capacity limits of 50%, classes will be conducted as follows:
After-school programs will be held in the after-school program rooms, with no more than 50% of seats occupied.
PASS / PACES
PASS: Tutorials are held in person with a maximum of 50% of the classroom’s capacity, with every other seat left empty. Only students enrolled in the scheduled group will be allowed to enter the classroom. You must therefore strictly adhere to the group to which you have been assigned.
A seminar session will be recorded and posted on MOODLE once all sessions for that seminar have been completed (i.e., at the beginning of the following week).
PACES: Tutorials are held in person with a maximum of 50% of the classroom’s capacity, with every other seat left empty. Only students enrolled in the scheduled group will be allowed to enter the classroom. You must therefore strictly adhere to the group to which you have been assigned.
If the maximum capacity of the room is reached, any additional students will be denied entry but will be able to view a recording of the session on Moodle.
PASS: Two lecture halls are available at the ADV campus and one at the Flahault campus; students who cannot find seats will have access to the lectures on Moodle. Access to the lecture hall will be restricted once all seats are taken.
PACES: Tutorials are held in person with a maximum of 50% of the classroom’s capacity, with every other seat left empty. Only students enrolled in the scheduled group will be allowed to enter the classroom. You must therefore strictly adhere to the group to which you have been assigned.
If the maximum capacity of the room is reached, any additional students will be denied entry but will be able to view a recording of the session on Moodle.
Undergraduate program
Lectures will be held in lecture halls whenever possible to allow as many students as possible to attend in person. You will be notified of the guidelines via email through your academic offices.
Tutorials are held in person, with a maximum of 50% of the room’s capacity and every other seat occupied.
Students who are unable to secure a spot will have access to the courses on Moodle or, depending on the situation, may take the course remotely if a Zoom link is included in the digital learning platform’s schedule.
The Open Courses are held in person for the entire group. The layout of the rooms ensures compliance with the 50% maximum capacity rule.
Graduate level
Starting the week of October 12, classes and extracurricular activities will be held in a hybrid format—50% in-person and 50% online via Zoom—for all grade levels. The link will be sent to you before classes begin.
Tutorials are held in person, with a maximum of 50% of the room’s capacity, ensuring that every other seat remains empty.
Students who are unable to secure a spot will have access to the courses on Moodle or, depending on the situation, may take the course remotely if a Zoom link is included in the digital learning platform’s schedule
Maieutics
When it is not possible to accommodate the entire class due to capacity limits of 50%, classes will be conducted as follows:
Classrooms and lecture halls will be filled to 50% of their maximum capacity. There will be no exceptions to this rule, and tutoring sessions will be offered via Zoom for students who cannot attend in person.
Tutoring sessions: The maximum capacity of classrooms and lecture halls is 50% (one seat out of every two). There will be no exceptions to this rule, and tutoring sessions will be offered via Zoom for students who cannot access the classrooms.
The sessions are recorded and uploaded to Google Drive.
These measures are subject to change: please follow the Tutoring Office’s instructions as a priority.
The capacity of the workrooms is limited to every other person.
Montpellier - ADV
Montpellier - Flahault (PASS/PACES only)
Montpellier - BH
Nîmes - Carémeau
A COVID-19 cluster has recently been identified within the Faculty. It currently involves second- and third-year medical students in Montpellier. Click here for all the measures related to this cluster.
Due to the current health situation and the very high number of students who have tested positive for COVID-19 in the DFGSM2 class at the Montpellier campus, the decision has been made to cancel ALL in-person classes for DFGSM2-3 and Ma2-3 at the Montpellier campus ( lectures, tutorials, and labs) effective Wednesday, September 16, 2020 throughWednesday, September 30, 2020, inclusive.
DFGSM2 classes will continue to be held in person at the Nîmes campus, where they will be recorded and uploaded to Moodle so that students can access them.
Any confirmed COVID-19 exposure must be reported to your academic office. You can find the full procedure to follow in the event of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases here.
The Faculty administration reminds everyone that masks must be worn in ALL university facilities, both indoors and outdoors, including the library and study rooms. This is essential to protecting everyone’s health.
Below you will find the complete procedure regarding confirmed and suspected cases of COVID-19: reporting, who to contact, and recommendations. This procedure applies to all students at the faculty as well as to all administrative and teaching staff.
The processing of personal data is governed by the regulations currently in force, as specified on the ARS website:
The goal is to gain a detailed understanding of how SARS-CoV-2 infections are spreading among students in the department so that, if necessary, we can adjust teaching methods and prevent these infections as much as possible, both during class periods and during internships. Finally, this initiative will help protect you and your loved ones.
The Faculty administration thanks you in advance for your essential cooperation in implementing these principles and remains at your disposal should you have any questions.
Welcome, or welcome back, to the Faculty! We are finally reopening our doors to our students. Please find below the start dates and details for our various programs.
Due to the health crisis, we would like to remind you that masks are required in all faculty buildings. We also ask our students and visitors to follow safety guidelines. Hand sanitizer is available at the entrance to all our locations.
>> AFGSU from August 31 to September 10, 2020.
>> Start of hospital rotations: September 7, 2020
>> Nursing internship from August 31 to September 17, 2020.
Following our meeting with Dis-Lalie, the Montpellier-based association for the speech-language pathology program, this week we’re meeting with CNESF, the association for the midwifery program in Nîmes!
The Nîmes Midwifery Students’ Association is a nonprofit organization established under the French Law of 1901. Its purpose is to represent midwifery students in Nîmes and to advocate for them within federations such as the ANESF (National Association of Midwifery Students, our professional federation) and the AGEM (General Association of Montpellier Students, our regional federation). It also aims to listen to midwifery students in Nîmes, advise them as much as possible, and defend their rights and interests. Our association helps energize the student life of its members by organizing solidarity and prevention events, as well as festive, athletic, and cultural events. Finally, it aims to enhance our skills as future healthcare professionals through access to continuing education.
We are striving to expand our activities as much as possible through the association’s various divisions the association:
The public health division has organized, for example, film screenings followed by coffee-table discussions to discuss topics such as female genital mutilation or anonymous adoption, particularly following screenings of films in partnership with the Sémaphore in Nîmes.
As part of the annual awareness campaign for breast cancer screening, we created a calendar for Pink October. It features prevention tips and information, and the funds raised were donated to the League Against Cancer. We also participated in the Telethon alongside medical students.
Thanks to the growth of social media, we have created posters for global awareness days, such as the one created in collaboration with ANESF for World Contraception Day, and informational quizzes on various topics are also available. We have established a mentoring program between upperclassmen and different cohorts, which we plan to further develop next year.
We organized festive and team-building events, including the end-of-year gala, which unfortunately could not take place. As we did last year, we continued to expand our babysitting network. Regarding AGEM and ANESF, we attend in person or remotely at every board meeting and general assembly to represent the midwifery students of Nîmes in policy decisions.
We hold monthly bake sales to raise funds for charities, to which we also donate children’s clothing and supplies.
Finally, we participated in this year’s PEPS Week, organized by Tutorat Santé Nîmes, at the Student Fair, as well as in the Faculty’s open house, to do our best to answer questions from prospective students.
In my opinion, this is a field you choose out of passion. The program is long and require a significant investment, particularly in the many internships. But Supporting couples, mothers, women, and babies is what makes the diversity of our profession, and that’s what drew me to it. We have a wide range of expertise; whether in the private, public, or non-profit sectors, we can support women throughout their pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum period (provided there are no medical complications). We can also provide preventive gynecological care and contraception consultations. We sometimes face difficult situations, but the intense moments of life and emotion serve as a reminder of why we started this work in the first place.
The association, for its part, provides opportunities to get together—whether at the clubhouse or at events—and to develop skills through training programs offered by ANESF or AGEM. Members can also stay up to date on national news, which we regularly share. For those who want to get involved in student life, it’s a great way to thrive while bringing their projects to life, all while collaborating with other students.
Joining our association is, above all, a gesture of support. We represent midwifery students in the faculty’s student life. Joining allows you to stay informed about various events and connect with other associations within the faculty or outside of it. In fact, membership includes both AGEM and ANESF, allowing you to stay informed about discussions within these organizations and potentially influence outcomes by sharing your views on key issues. It offers the opportunity to take an active interest in the future of the profession and student life in the region, as well as to raise broader concerns.
Membership is also the only way to vote at general meetings for the future teams that will represent you in the coming terms. And on the fun side, membership gives you access to a wide range of partnerships secured by our fabulous VP of Partnerships. From laser tag to products from Luneale, Fempo, and many others, these partnerships offer great discounts. Finally, we have partnerships with professional insurance companies that offer additional coverage for students in internships.
Joining is very easy: just come to our association’s office on campus between 12 p.m. and 2 p.m. (every day) and pay 7 euros by check, cash, or even Lydia. We’ll give you a nice little card with our social media handles. You can join at any time throughout the year, but we close membership two weeks before the end-of-term General Assembly.
Unfortunately, due to the current health situation, this year’s handover will take place remotely. We are in contact with the board members running for the 2020–2021 term and are more motivated than ever. There are exciting projects on the horizon that we look forward to learning more about. It is with a slight twinge of sadness that we leave this term, especially given the difficult end to the year, but with complete confidence in the dedication of the incoming board. These are motivated young women, with experience and a great deal of enthusiasm—everything needed to succeed. We could not have handed over this term with greater peace of mind than with such a wonderful new generation taking the reins!
Feel free to follow us on social media:
– Instagram: @CNESF
– Facebook: Nîmes Association of Midwifery Students
– Twitter: @CNESF2
Last week, we met with the Association Carabins Montpelliéraine to learn more about student life for medical students. Today, Salomé Duteurtre, the Student Vice Dean, is answering our questions!
ADEMMOOS is the Association of Student Representatives for the Montpellier-Nîmes programs in Medicine, Speech-Language Pathology, Orthoptics, and Midwifery. It brings together nearly 40 elected student representatives from the various programs.
We work every day to:
Above all, our year is shaped by our student advocacy efforts.
As such, we are represented on two major councils within the faculty:
Our goal is therefore to give students a voice, often through surveys, which allow us to carefully gather their opinions and views on the various issues that arise during the academic year.
In addition, we are also carrying out a number of projects to improve our training conditions. For example, several of our initiatives focus on health promotion:
We also support initiatives aimed at enhancing student life on campus. We participate in Open House events and European Heritage Days to lead tours and engage with the public. In addition, we help design and develop living and working spaces.
We keep students informed about the latest news from the faculty; for example, during the COVID-19 crisis, we provided them with regular updates on the situation and changes to our programs.
We assist medical interns in choosing their specialties through the Future Intern Forum (FFI), which we organize in collaboration with the Languedoc-Roussillon Intern Union.
Finally, we work with all of the faculty’s student organizations:
Our organization promotes several things:
In addition, students are not required to pay any fees. Simply by being enrolled in the department, students can participate in all the activities offered by our association.
Our association's executive board is made up of students—whether or not they are elected representatives of their academic department—who are appointed for a one-year term from October to October to coordinate the team of student representatives.
The 2020–2021 term will begin this summer: please feel free to contact the current board if you’re interested in any of the positions!
Please feel free to contact us with any questions about student representation!
Marie-Anne GILLAIN was born in 1773 in Montreuil, near Versailles.
She was sent to boarding school with the Sisters of the Visitation.
During the Revolution, she took refuge in Etampes, staying with a relative who was the mother superior of the Hospitalières de l’Hôtel-Dieu.
There she attended the surgeon’s lectures and served for two and a half years, from 1793 to 1796, as a hospital volunteer—that is, as a layperson who offered her services to the poor and sick on a voluntary basis.
In 1797, she returned to Versailles to marry Louis Boivin, deputy head of the National Domains office.
She became pregnant early on, but in 1798, at the age of 25, she was suddenly widowed, left penniless, and with a young daughter to raise.
She then decided to put the skills she had learned from the surgeon at the Hôtel-Dieu in Étampes to good use and enrolled in the Midwifery School at the Maternity Hospital in 1799.
In 1800, she graduated and moved to Versailles to be reunited with her daughter and pursue her career.
In 1801, following the death of her daughter, she obtained permission from Marie-Louise Lachapelle to return to the Maternity Hospice
In 1803, she was appointed head supervisor of the breastfeeding unit. She held this position for eleven years, until 1814. During this long tenure, she took the opportunity to attend the lectures of her patron, the surgeons at the Maternity Hospital (Baudelocque, then Dubois), and the chief physicians (Andry, and especially Chaussier), from whom she gathered observations and lessons.
In 1812, she wrote and published *A Treatise on the Art of Childbirth*. The work was approved by the Ministry of the Interior, which included it among the textbooks given to graduates of the Maternity School.
In 1814, the position of supervisor that she held was eliminated, and she was dismissed with a severance payment equal to her annual salary, amounting to 360 francs.
In October, she was appointed storekeeper and steward at the Poissy General Hospital, a position she held until January 1819, when the General Hospital was converted into a prison.
Little is known about this period of her life: did she continue her obstetric practice despite her new, more administrative duties? Did she do so within the general hospital? Or with a private clientele? In any case, for a time she appears to have received a comfortable annual salary of 1,200 francs—almost as much as the head midwife at the Maternity Hospital.
In 1818, she entered the Paris Medical Society’s competition anonymously, submitting a paper on internal uterine hemorrhages. She was awarded the medal.
On February1, 1819, she joined the Maison Royale de Santé in Paris as chief midwife, with a modest salary of 350 francs a year.
In 1821, an opportunity for promotion arose following the death of Marie-Louise Lachapelle.
According to procedure, the General Council of the Hospices must submit to the Minister of the Interior a list of five candidates to succeed the renowned midwife.
On November 14, 1821, the Council voted to approve a list with Marie-Anne Boivin at the top; she received 12 out of 12 votes in the first round of voting to select the top candidate.
A month and a half later, the Minister of the Interior endorsed the Council’s decision.
But the winner declined the position (or rather resigned), forcing the board to propose another list. Why the refusal? All contemporary biographers attribute this decision to a public promise Marie-Anne Boivin is said to have made to her former patroness never to replace her, even after her death. If this is the case, she kept her word, and another midwife, Madeleine Catherine Legrand, was appointed in 1822.
Marie-Anne Boivin therefore continued to practice at the Maison Royale de Santé, where she amassed observations, publications, and honors.
In 1828, she submitted a thesis on spontaneous abortions, which was awarded a prize by the Bordeaux Medical Society.
In September 1835, at the age of 62, worn out and exhausted, she retired and urged the board of the hospices to grant her a pension. Finally, after a first stroke that left her hemiplegic, she died in May 1841.
In 1902, one of the rooms in the renovated maternity ward was named after Marie-Anne Boivin.
She was born in 1563 on Boulevard Saint-Germain or in Mons to a family of doctors.
She married Martin BOURSIER, a master surgeon and student of Ambroise PARÉ, in 1594.
She finds herself destitute when her husband is enlisted in the king's army.
She quickly gained a reputation among the ladies of the court and delivered the queen's children on six occasions.
She is paid 500 crowns for the birth of a boy and 300 for the birth of a girl.
It lost its prestige following the death of Marie de Bourbon-Montpensier, wife of Gaston d’Orléans, at the time of the birth of the Grande Mademoiselle.
According to the surgeons who performed the autopsy on the woman who had given birth, her death was attributed to the presence of retained placental tissue in the uterus, and Louise Bourgeois was subsequently accused of negligence.
At that time, there were few male obstetricians practicing, and they were trying to gain the upper hand over the midwives' guild.
Louise questions their competence by harshly criticizing the autopsy findings and the skills of the obstetricians; however, her response has the opposite effect of what she intended, as it ends up giving them publicity.
She was the first midwife to write a book on obstetrics, *Various Observations on Infertility, Miscarriage, Fertility, Childbirth, and Diseases of Women and Newborns*, published in 1609.
In this book, she points out that infertility in a couple may be due to male factors, even though, like doctors of that era, she confuses the ability to procreate with sexual vigor.
She identified the role of malnutrition in fetal health, and she was the first to prescribe iron supplements to treat anemia.
She emphasizes the importance of anatomical knowledge for midwives and urges doctors to allow them to attend lectures and dissection sessions.
In 1636, Parisian midwives submitted a petition to the Faculty of Medicine requesting that Louise Bourgeois be permitted to teach them obstetrics, but their request was denied.
Subsequently, however, one of her students, Marguerite du Tertre de la Marche, was appointed head of the midwives at the Hôtel-Dieu and succeeded in overhauling their training program.
She died on December 20, 1636, on Boulevard Saint-Germain at the age of 73.
He was born on November 30, 1745, in Heilly, Picardy.
He was the son of Jean Baptiste BAUDELOCQUE, a surgeon, and Anne Marguerite LEVASSEUR. His brothers Félix Honoré (1744–1794) and Jean Baptiste (1749–1800) were both doctors. He was the third of ten children.
It was his father who introduced him to surgery in the countryside of Picardy.
He completed his studies in Paris at the Hôpital de la Charité, where a renowned professor of obstetrics, Solayrès de Renhac (1737–1772), was in charge.
In 1772, following Solayrès’s untimely death at the age of 35, he collected the manuscripts of his lectures and succeeded him as professor of obstetrics at the Hôpital de la Charité. Thanks to Baudelocque, Solayrès’s work was saved from oblivion.
In 1775, at the initiative of the surgeon Augier du FOT, a demonstration instructor in obstetrics in Soissons, he published—drawing on manuscripts bequeathed by Solayrès de RENHAC—the first edition of a manual intended for the training of midwives. This work was later republished under his name alone, under the title“Principles on the Art of Childbirth: Questions and Answers for Student Midwives.” It underwent three reprints during Baudelocque’s lifetime and three more posthumously.
In 1776, following the defense of his thesis on symphysotomy, titled“An in partu propter angustiam pelvis impossibili, symphysis ossium secanda?”, he was appointed surgeon at the Hôpital de la Charité in Paris and was awarded the title of Master of Surgery by the Paris College of Surgery.
On April 5 or 6, 1777, in Paris, he married Andrée DERULLIER (née de Vulier, de Voulier, de Rullie, or de Rouillier), whose family made mannequins of pregnant women for demonstrations in childbirth classes; she died on January 4, 1787, without children.
In 1781 and 1789, he published the first two editions of his scholarly treatise*The Art of Childbirth* in two volumes. He became famous for his forceps, his practice of cesarean sections, and the invention of the pelvimeter, which measures the external anteroposterior diameter to identify patients who might experience difficulties during childbirth.
On September 14, 1788, in Amiens, he married Marie Catherine Rose Laurent; the couple had five children (three daughters and two sons).
During the French Revolution, the guilds and faculties were abolished. Hospitals lost some of their staff and funding. Baudelocque nevertheless managed to build a reputation as an obstetrician thanks to a clientele in the city and private obstetrics lessons.
In 1794, the former Faculty of Medicine was replaced by the École centrale de Santé de Paris, where he was responsible for teaching medical students and midwives.
In October 1795, the Maternity Hospice began taking in poor women and unwed mothers to assist them during childbirth and provided clinical training for midwives and doctors from the School of Health.
In addition, this facility also takes in abandoned children.
In 1798, Baudelocque, in addition to his position as professor of obstetrics at the Paris School of Health, became chief surgeon at the Maternity Hospital.
In 1802, the school at the Hospice de la Maternité was established, where Baudelocque put his teaching skills to use, employing mannequins to allow students to practice examinations and obstetric procedures. He emphasized observation over intervention, preferring to let nature take its course and using instruments as little as possible.
Busy with his many responsibilities, he delegated some of his authority to the head midwife of the Maternity Ward, Marie-Louise Lachapelle (1769–1821), who took on part of the training of the midwifery students and was authorized to use forceps on her own in cases of difficult childbirth.
He was involved in a high-profile lawsuit brought against him by an obstetrician, Jean François Sacombe, a fierce opponent of cesarean sections and a defender of traditional midwifery practices. Sacombe, who had set himself up as a defender of midwives and accused Baudelocque of infanticide, ultimately lost his case in 1804 and, in the process, any sense of proportion.
In 1806, Napoleon appointed Jean-Louis Baudelocque to the chair of obstetrics, the first medical specialty chair in France.
He became the personal obstetrician to the queens of Spain, Holland, and Naples, as well as to all the ladies of the court.
He had been chosen and selected in advance to deliver the heir awaited by Napoleon and Empress Marie-Louise of Austria. But, struck down by a cerebral hemorrhage, he would not live to see the birth of the King of Rome.
He died on May 2 or 3, 1810, at 16 Rue Jacob in Paris (6th arrondissement), where he lived, at the age of 65.
He was buried at the Vaugirard West Cemetery, then exhumed due to land acquisition for the construction of what is now Boulevard Pasteur.
He was then buried on August 17, 1839, at Père-Lachaise Cemetery (45thdivision).
He was the most famous obstetrician of his time.
A physician at the Hôpital des Enfants Malades, he would lend his name to the Baudelocque Clinic in 1890.
The Port-Royal Maternity Hospital was built in 1966. The two facilities merged in 1993 (14th arrondissement of Paris).
There is now a midwifery school on Avenue Denfert-Rochereau that bears her name.
He was born on July 2, 1746, in Dijon, in the parish of Saint Pierre.
His father was a master glazier.
After completing his training at the Dijon Hospital, his mother sent him to Paris to continue his medical studies, and he enrolled at the Royal College of Surgery, where he attended classes regularly from 1765 to 1767; there he took anatomy courses taught by Raphaël SABATIER and Jean-Joseph SUE.
At the same time, he began training in surgery at Lafaye’s clinics and, in the afternoons, at those of Isaac GOURSAUD.
His years of surgical training came to an end in 1768, when he was awarded the title of Master of Surgery; he then settled in Dijon as a surgeon
He married Jeanne CARRE, the daughter and granddaughter of a Master Surgeon, on July 27, 1767, in Quetigny, Côte d’Or. Together they had a son, Bernard François Hector (1769–1837).
In 1769, he began teaching a free course in human and comparative anatomy, which was attended by many students for over ten years.
In 1774, the Estates of Burgundy established a chemistry program with Louis-Bernard GUYTON de MORVEAU as the full professor and Hugues MARET and François CHAUSSIER as assistant professors. Upon MARET’s death in 1786, he was promoted to associate professor of chemistry.
In Dijon, his professional skills earned him the favor of his patients, and his reputation quickly spread beyond Burgundy; he distinguished himself at the Academy of Surgery through several presentations, and as a result, he was awarded the Academy’s Gold Medal at the public session on April 10, 1777.
He received his Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Besançon on January 14, 1780, and in 1784, he became a corresponding member of the Royal Society of Medicine. That same year, he was admitted to the Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters in Dijon, where he became secretary-general following the retirement of Guyton de Morveau.
In 1785, at the request of the Estates of Burgundy, he published a popular guide on the treatment of bites from rabid animals: “Method for Treating Bites from Rabid Animals and Vipers; Followed by a Summary on the Malignant Pustule” (with Joseph Enaux, 1726–1798).
In 1789, he published a study on the muscles of the human body, in which he proposed a more rational classification than the one previously taught: “A Brief Overview of the Muscles of the Human Body According to the Methodical Classification and Nomenclature Adopted in the Public Anatomy Course at Dijon”; this work was reprinted in 1797.
On December 20, 1789, he read a paper titled “Surgical-Legal Observations on an Important Point of Criminal Jurisprudence” at the Academy of Dijon, in which he demonstrated the role that physicians could play in assisting the justice system; this work attracted attention, and the following year he launched a course in forensic medicine in Dijon.
On 3 Nivôse, Year III (December 23, 1794), he married Angélique LABOREY in Dijon (Crébillon district); they also had a son, Franck Bernard Simon (1804–1866).
In 1794, Antoine-François Fourcroy was tasked by the National Convention with reorganizing medical education and sought out a figure capable of providing him with the details of this reorganization. Claude-Antoine Prieur-Duvernois, from Côte-d’Or, who headed the Committee of Public Safety’s Department of Science and Arts Education, recommended François Chaussier, who thus joined the Committee of Public Instruction: he drafted a report and a draft decree, which he read from the rostrum of the Convention on 7 Frimaire, Year III (November 27, 1794); In it, he proposed the creation of a single “Central School of Health” in Paris; the members of the Convention, who were largely open to decentralization, requested the creation of other similar schools in Montpellier and Strasbourg, and it was on this basis that the report was adopted on 14 Frimaire (December 4).
Chaussier returned to Dijon, where he resumed his teaching and studies as well as the duties entrusted to him: he had been appointed physician to the Hospices of Dijon in April 1793 and Surgeon to the Prisons; he did not remain there long, however, as he was recalled to Paris to occupy the chair of anatomy and physiology at the School of Health. Chaussier was, in the words of Joseph-Henri Réveillé-Parise, the most famous professor of physiology at the Paris School: he argued that vitalism was the foundation of all studies in physiology.
A decree dated 7 Vendémiaire, Year III (September 28, 1794), which officially established the École Centrale des Travaux Publics, the future École Polytechnique, the Board of Directors proposed, less than a month after the school opened, to establish an infirmary there and to appoint a “health officer” (the revolutionary term for doctors) to treat sick students and also to give lessons on “the art of preventing and alleviating diseases.” The roster of École Polytechnique staff for the following year lists him as an assistant to Claude Louis Berthollet, “concurrently responsible for the courses in Zootechnics and Public Health, and School Physician”: in fact, he taught Berthollet’s course during the latter’s absence in Italy in 1796–1797. After the formalization of chemistry instruction, Chaussier appears to have abandoned teaching this science and confined himself almost entirely to his duties as a physician.
In 1799, *Les tables synoptiques* was published to great acclaim. It provides a summary of the physiology, pathology, and treatment of the various anatomical systems of the human body.
On May 9, 1804, he was appointed Physician to the Maternity Hospitals and was entrusted with the chairmanship of the medical examination boards for the exams to become a Public Health Officer, Pharmacist, and Midwife for the district of the Paris Faculty of Medicine.
He was a member of the commission appointed by the Minister of the Interior in October 1810 to study “secret remedies”; there he worked alongside André Marie Constant Duméril, Jean-Joseph Menuret, and Nicolas Deyeux.
In 1815, following the fall of the First Empire, he was replaced as physician at the École Polytechnique, but he retained his chair at the Faculty until November 21, 1822, when the Restoration reorganized the Faculty: he was appointed honorary professor and his chair was revoked. He felt great bitterness over this, and the next day, he suffered a stroke that temporarily left him unable to speak or walk. He recovered, however, though he remained hemiplegic, which did not prevent him from continuing his work at the Maternity Hospital.
On May 6, 1823, he was elected tothe Academy of Sciences.
Between 1824 and 1827, he published several works on forensic medicine: *Forensic Manual of Poisons, Preceded by Considerations on Poisoning*14, “Collection of Papers, Consultations, and Reports on Various Topics in Forensic Medicine”15, “Forensic Medical Paper on the Viability of the Newborn Child, Presented toHis Excellency the Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice”16
François Chaussier died at his home in Paris on June 19, 1828, at the age of 81, from a stroke.
He was buried at Père-Lachaise Cemetery (18th division) on June 21: Nicolas-Philibert Adelon delivered a speech on behalf of the Academy; Marie-Alexandre Désormaux, representing the Faculty, did the same; and Duméril, on behalf of the Royal Academy of Sciences, read a lengthy eulogy.
Thesecond son, Franck CHAUSSIER, followed in his father’s footsteps and defended his doctoral dissertation in 1827 in Montpellier.
He is a French physician, a professor at the Paris Faculty of Medicine, and a member of the Royal Academy of Medicine and the Academy of Sciences.
Chaussier was the chief editor of the articles on pharmacy inthe *Encyclopédie méthodique*13.
She was born in 1712 in Clermont-Ferrand to a family of doctors.
She first studied under Anne BAIRSIN, a midwife, for three years.
On September 26, 1739, she received her diploma and shortly thereafter became a licensed midwife.
She worked as a midwife at the Châtelet in Paris for sixteen years.
In 1752, to put theory into practice, she published a book titled *A Summary of the Art of Childbirth*.
In 1754, she returned to Auvergne and began giving free lessons.
In 1758, she designed her famous demonstration “machine” (made of wood, cardboard, fabric, and cotton), which was approved on December1 by the Academy of Surgery.
During the two-month training course, the students were encouraged to practice on the mannequin.
She died on April 16, 1794, at the age of 79 in Bordeaux, in poverty and solitude, with her niece and her husband absent. There is a Rue Angélique du Coudray in Thorigné-Fouillard and also a Rue Madame-du-Coudray in Clermont-Ferrand, her hometown. The maternity ward at the hospital in Melun (77) also bears her name.
